Chinese legislators are considering giving rural people greater powers to remove village committee members and to convene their own meetings to decide village affairs.
The draft amendments to the Organic Law of Villagers' Committees, which affects 900 million rural people, is undergoing its first review at the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee, the top legislature.
Minister of Civil Affairs Li Xueju told lawmakers that with rural development, especially the deepening reform of rural and urban household and taxation system, new problems had emerged in village governance.
Li said it was imperative to amend the law that had been in effect since 1998.
The amendments focus on election and recall procedures of village committee members and democratic rules of procedure.
Lawmakers agreed the law had played an important role in promoting rural democratic elections, decision-making, management and supervision.
China has more than 2 million villages and 604,000 village committees.
More than 95 percent of village committees held direct elections, and most had conducted more than seven elections since 1988 when the draft of the law was tested in some villages.
A Ministry of Civil Affairs report submitted to the top legislature said the competition in some village elections had become ever more fierce, and participants often made "enthusiastic campaign speeches."
But asking villagers to vote was difficult as many farmers left to work away from home and were reluctant to come back every three years for an election.
Even when some returned, the number of voters failed to meet the minimum legitimate turnout.
The draft amendments allow for villager representative meetings to be convened to decide village affairs in villages with big and scattered populations.
Rules for such meetings were also specified.
The draft amendments would also lower the threshold for removing village committee members.
The new draft law would require at least a fifth of the village electorate or at least a third of village representatives to sign a petition to remove committee members.
The draft said the removal process should be chaired by the village electoral committee. The current law allows the village committee itself to preside over recall procedures, which is not independent.
The draft amendments said candidates using violence, menaces, cheating or offering bribes, or fabricating ballots, would face administrative or legal punishment.
The draft also proposed supervisory agencies to make village financial accounts and other affairs more transparent.
The draft amendments would extend the original 30 articles of the law to six chapters and 39 articles, clarifying village democratic management.